ABSTRACT
Objective To summarize the sonographic features and the diagnostic value of transvaginal three dimensional OmniView sonography for congenital uterine malformation. Methods Thirty-six patients who were suspected as uterus septus on transvaginal two-dimensionalultrasound (2D US) were examined by transvaginal three dimensional ultrasound (3D US) of OmniView. The coronal plane images were acquired. The fundus,cavity and cervix of the uterus were analyzed. The depths of fundal cleft were measured.In comparison with the test results of hysterosalpingography (HSG), hysteroscopy, hysteroscopy combined with laparoscope or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the sonographic features and the diagnostic value of transvaginal three dimensional OmniView sonography were summarized. Results Among the 36 cases underwent transvaginal three-dimensional ultrasound (3D US), 16 cases were diagnosed as incomplete septate uterus, 5 cases as complete septate uterus, 5 cases as arcuate uterus, 4 cases as bicornuate uterus, 4 cases as gemini and 2 cases as unicornuate uterus. The results of all 36 cases were confirmed by surgery or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The sonographic features of transvaginal three dimensional OmniView sonography:(1) Twenty-one septate uterus had convexes (in 12 cases) or minimally depressed fundus (in 9 cases, depth of cleft ≤ 1.0 cm) and had Y-shaped (16 incomplete septate uterus without septum extending into cervix) or V-shaped cavity (5 complete septate uterus with septum extending into cervix). (2) Five arcuate uterus had an obtuse angle at the central point of septum. (3) Four bicornuate uterus had fundal depression more than 1.0 cm and were divided into two cornuas. (4) Four gemini had two complete uterus and cervix. (5) Two uterus unicornis had single endometrial and smaller than normal. Conclusions Transvaginal 3D OmniView sonopgraphy of uterine may display a good coronal plane, on which the relationship of the cavity and the fundus, the depth of fundal cleft and the angle at the central point of the septum can be well depicted and measured. It is a practical, reliable and noninvasive method, and superior to 2D US in the diagnostic classification of complex uterus malformation.
ABSTRACT
Aim To Compare the quality of Pinellia Tubers between Nanchong Sichuan and relevant areas in order to standardize plant and to provide evidence for further exploitation and application. Methods Expectorant experiment was conducted with methods of washing mice's respiratory tract with phenol red and antitussive effect, with ammomia caused mice cough. Results In the experiment of expectorant effect, oral administration of the water or the ethanol extracts of pinellia Tubers showed no obvious expectorant effect, it also showed no significant difference compared with control NS. In the antitussive effect experiment, however the water or the ethanol extracts of pinellia Tuhers prolonged the incubation period and reduced the frequency of coughing. It presented significant difference compared with the control NS and clear time-effect relationship. Conclusion Pinellia Tubers from Nanchong Sichuan and relevant areas showed no apparent expectorant effect and have destinct antitussive effect. As for antitussive effects, water extracts were stronger than those of ethanol extracts, and wild Pinellia Tubers outmatched planted ones. Antitussive effect of wild Pinellia Tubers samples was rather stronger from Nanchong, Guangan, Suining, and Liangshan of Sichuan and Xihe Gansu.
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the pharmacological mechanism of glucosides of tripterygium(GTW)inducing reproductive hypofunction in female mature mice and to establish female mice model of reproductive hypofunction.Methods Female Kunming mice aged 7～ 8 weeks were randomly divided into 6 groups,including GTW groups of A,B,C,D and E(60,40,30,20,15 mg? kg-1? d-1)and normal group.Estrous cycle of five GTW groups was observed successively.To study the effect of GTW on reproductive function in different period,three batches of mice were killed when estrous cycle of some mices was prolonged,estrous cycle of all the mice was prolonged or became irregular,or estrous cycle of all the mice was totally disturbed or even disappeared.Serum E2 and P levels were measured by radioimmunoassay.Ovary and uterus index were measured by tissue-weight-assay,and tectology observation on ovary and uterus was conducted.The numbers of follicle and corpus luteum as well as thickness of endometrium and myometrium were also measured.Results The mice were killed in batches after administration for 5,7,10 weeks.After 10-week treatment,uterus index and the numbers of follicle and luteum were decreased significantly,and endometrium and myometrium also became obviously thinner in groups A,B,and C.E2 level in groups A and B was decreased.P level and ovary index of all treatment groups were not decreased after 10-week treatment.Conclusion GTW at the dosages of 60,40 and 30 mg? kg-1? d-1 can damage female mice' s reproductive function and can induce mice reproductive hypofunction with kidney deficiency after 10-week successive treatment.GTW at the dosage of 40 mg? kg-1? d-1 for 10 weeks is recommended to establish female mice model of reproductive hypofunction with kidney deficiency.